# 初始化远程库

本节将介绍如何在本地创建一个git仓库，然后同步到远程的空仓库中。

1、在本地新建一个仓库

在某个目录下新建文件夹learngit，添加一个文件，初始化该git仓库

```
$ mkdir learngit
$ cd learngit
$ vi readme.md
$ git init
$ git add *
$ git commit -m "initialization"
```

2、初始化远程仓库

假设 `http://x.x.x.x:xx/pshizh/learngit.git` 是一个空仓库，执行以下命令把本地的learngit仓库同步到该仓库

```
$ cd learngit
$ git remote add origin http://x.x.x.x:xx/pshizh/learngit.git
$ git push -u origin master
```

`git remote add origin ...`

该语句表示为远程仓库 [http://x.x.x.x:xx/pshizh/learngit.git](http://x.x.x.x/:xx/pshizh/learngit.git) 设置一个别名origin

`git push -u origin master`

该语句表示把当前分支push到远程仓库origin（即[http://x.x.x.x:xx/pshizh/learngit.git） 的master分支](http://x.x.x.x/:xx/pshizh/learngit.git）的master分支)。参数 -u 的作用，是为当前分支设置upstream，即把当前分支与origin的master关联起来，当下次再在当前分支下执行push命令时，只需要执行\`git push\`就会把当前分支推送到origin的master分支。

## 附录：关联多个远程库

我们可以为本地的learngit仓库关联多个远程仓库。

假设 [http://y.y.y.y:yy/pshizh/learngit.git](http://y.y.y.y/:yy/pshizh/learngit.git) 也是一个空仓库，接着上面的第2步，我们继续初始化该远程仓库

首先为第二个远程仓库设置一个别名，比如为backup

```
$ cd learngit
$ git remote add backup http://y.y.y.y:yy/pshizh/learngit.git
```

然后，初始化远程仓库backup

```
$ git push backup master
```

此时，本地的learngit仓库就关联了两个远程仓库，一个名字叫origin，一个叫backup，我们可以通过以下的命令看到本地仓库关联的远程仓库

```
$ git remote -v
backup  http://y.y.y.y:yy/git/learngit.git (fetch)
backup  http://y.y.y.y:yy/git/learngit.git (push)
origin  http://x.x.x.x:xx/git/learngit.git (fetch)
origin  http://x.x.x.x:xx/git/learngit.git (push)
```

此时的本地仓库与两个远程仓库的关系图如下：

![](/files/-M69E375TjBJKRmAYGJf)

接着，我们修改master分支下的某个文件，然后push到origin远程仓库与backup远程仓库

```
$ cd learngit
$ vi readme.md
$ git add readme.md
$ git commit -m "first change"
$ git push
$ git push backup master
```

注意，倒数第二行 `git push` 等价于 `git push origin master` ，这里之所以可以省略， 这是因为前面在向 `origin master` push 的时候的命令为 `git push -u origin master`，加了 -u 参数，这意味着，本地的master分支关联着远程仓库 origin 的 master分支；而且后面向backup仓库push的时候的命令为 git push backup master ，并没有加 -u 参数，从而没有让本地master分支关联到backup的master分支。


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